Об искусстве вовлечения обучающихся в проектную деятельность

Об искусстве вовлечения обучающихся в проектную деятельность

Ляпунова М.А., преподаватель английского языка,

Рамзина А.Г., преподаватель химии и биологии

ГАОУ ВО МГУСиТ, Институт СПО

Проектная деятельность в образовании является эффективным методом, который находит применение в различных предметных областях. Особое внимание уделяется проектной деятельности в области иностранного языка, биологии и информационных технологий, так как она играет важную роль в формировании навыков и компетенций будущих специалистов.

Проекты в области иностранного языка позволяют студентам не только углубить свои знания языка и повысить свой социокультурный уровень, но и расширить свой кругозор, изучая культуру и историю народов, говорящих на этом языке. Участие в таких проектах способствует развитию коммуникативных навыков и способности работать в команде, а также помогает применить полученные знания на практике.

Проекты в области биологии позволяют студентам погрузиться в изучение живых организмов, их структуры и функции. Они могут проводить эксперименты, изучать различные виды животных и растений, анализировать данные и делать выводы. Такие проекты развивают научное мышление, способность анализировать и интерпретировать информацию, а также умение работать с лабораторным оборудованием.

Проекты в области информационных технологий открывают студентам мир программирования, разработки веб-сайтов, создания приложений и других цифровых продуктов. Участие в таких проектах помогает развить навыки работы с компьютерными программами, аналитическое мышление, а также способность решать сложные задачи.

Однако важно отметить, что проектная деятельность в образовании не только способствует развитию профессиональных навыков, но и развивает творческое мышление, самостоятельность и умение решать проблемы. Участие в проектах помогает студентам научиться планировать свою работу, организовывать свои идеи, а также применять полученные знания на практике.

Мы, в свою очередь, решили объединить все эти области и создать проект, связанный с космосом. Наш проект включает изучение иностранного языка, чтобы общаться с международным экипажем, изучение биологических аспектов жизни в космосе и использование информационных технологий для анализа данных и создания виртуальной симуляции космического полета. Такой проект позволит студентам не только расширить свои знания и навыки, но и почувствовать себя частью космического исследования.

Проектная деятельность в образовании имеет огромный потенциал и способна вдохновить студентов на саморазвитие и достижение новых высот. Она позволяет объединить теорию и практику, а также развить у студентов навыки, необходимые для успешной карьеры в выбранной области.

Приложение 1

Паспорт проекта (тезисы)

Авторы проекта: Ляпунова М.А., преподаватель английского языка,

Рамзина А.Г., преподаватель химии и биологии

Место реализации проекта: ГАОУ ВО МГУСиТ, Институт СПО

Тема проекта: Формирование мотивации учения обучающихся через активные методы обучения

Цель проекта:

- систематизация теоретических знаний по общеобразовательным предметам: английский язык, информатика и ИКТ, физика, биология и дисциплинам профессионального цикла: биомеханика, безопасность жизнедеятельности, английский язык (профессиональный)

- создание условий для профессионального диалога к решению поставленной проблемы

- совершенствование коммуникационных навыков.

Задачи проекта:

- определить уровень самостоятельной подготовки к решению поставленной проблемы

- систематизировать способы и приемы учебной мотивации обучающихся

- развить у обучающихся сплоченность,

- научить вести конструктивный диалог.

Целевая аудитория:

Обучающиеся и педагогические работники ГАОУ ВО МГУСиТ, Институт СПО.

Ожидаемый результат:

Продукт: Сценарий мероприятия, презентации

Эффект: повышение мотивации обучающихся.

Приложение 2

Theses of the Project Participants:

1. Flight preparation

Objective of the Research: analyzing specificity of the professionals selection and their training for space flight

Problem: selection of specialists for the flight

Thesisof the Speech: selection of astronauts is a long process since experts need to evaluate all applicants and find out whether they have enough practical experience, and it is necessary to check their health as well.

There are a number of activities, methods and procedures that allow experts choose for work at space objects exactly those people who, according to certain qualities (health, education and individual traits of character) meet the requirements of the astronaut's aptitude to the greatest extent .

Astronaut's professional field is flight and space activities (development, design, testing and operation of space technology, space exploration, as well as participation in practical activities aimed at the use of outer space and celestial bodies.

Conclusion:

Without scientific and technical knowledge it is impossible to control the spacecraft, work in zero gravity, make experiments. Astronauts train a lot, but they are also constantly learning. And they will learn - both during training and after the flight. After all, life does not stand still — spaceships have become more complicated, instruments and equipment change, which means that astronauts constantly have to gain new knowledge. Thus, it is possible to take up the career of an astronaut, but not only should you be a pilot, but also an engineer, a doctor, a scientist, and therefore you need to have perfect education.

1. Space food

Objective of the Research: to study the characteristics of cosmonaut nutrition.

Problem: the organization of space power

Thesis of the Speech:

Nutrition is one of the main sources of human existence. The quantity, quality, range of food consumed, timeliness and regularity of meals affect human life greatly. Proper nutrition is the most important factor for health, it has a positive effect on human activity and life.

The menu of astronauts includes dozens of meals and drinks. Astronaut’s food only consists of natural products.

The power supply system of manned spacecraft includes diets, devices for storing food and equipment for cooking and eating. Microwave ovens and hot water can only be used for cooking.

Conclusion: the development of methods for preparing and storing space food had started long before the first flight. Hard physical space conditions, delivery and storage difficulties require specific packaging and increase the requirements for durability of products in storage. Working conditions of astronauts and physiological changes in the human body demand the development of a balanced and nutritious diet. Space food tastes good and is similar to its terrestrial analogues. The development of such products is a complex task that requires involving a wide range of specialists (confectioners, physiologists, bioengineers).

1. Exercise at the iss

Objective of the Research: to study the ways of physical training of astronauts

Problem: organization of space training

Thesis of the Speech:

Constant overloading, tests for strength and endurance is an integral part of the astronaut’s job. So they have to improve their body much more than ordinary people. Being in space, the astronaut loses shape and physical conditions very quickly.

Body weight without gravity is zero, so, within a week, the astronaut’s amount of muscles begins to decrease and calcium is removed from the bones. Without daily 2-hour training in orbit, after returning to the Earth, the astronaut will not be able to move independently. Coordination is also disrupted. In addition, the strength of the heart muscles and vascular tone decreases as well. All these health problems require a long recovery on Earth.

For power training on the ISS, there is a special ARED simulator with a complicated system of cylinders and rubber joints, which provides a load of up to 600 kg. It is possible to perform exercises for all muscle groups. There is a special treadmill on board, where astronauts must spend at least an hour a day. To ensure the attraction to the simulator, astronauts have to wear a special belt-vest. The maximum velocity of the treadmill is 16 km/h . The same principle is applied in a space bike — the body of the astronaut is fastened to the seat, and feet to the pedals.

Conclusion:

A person not involved in sports is unlikely to have a chance to be selected, because during the flight the astronaut is subjected to overloading, but with the help of physical training, you can increase the endurance of this factor. The astronaut must possess high volitional qualities, such as persistence, concentration, discipline, the ability to overcome themselves, doing sport is certainly important .

Special physical training is aimed at increasing the body's resistance to adverse factors of space flight — overloading, weightlessness, vestibular irritations. It produces a quick response, improves spatial orientation and muscle coordination, and sharpens attention and other necessary qualities. In addition, there is a possibility to get acquainted with onboard means of physical training; flight complexes of exercises are taught.

1. The effect of space on humans

Objective of the Research: to study the impact of space on the health of astronauts

Problem: the impact of space on humans

Thesis of the speech:

Under the conditions of zero gravity, a human loses bone and muscle mass, blood ceases moving through the vessels in the usual rhythm and direction, that affects the work of the heart. Also in space, a person receives a fair dose of radiation. Besides, professional residents of orbital stations have vision problems, especially acutely felt after long flights. What is the reason for the visual impairment? It is not yet known exactly, but scientists suggest that it happens due to the redistribution of fluid within the body. In particular, the pressure on the eye nerves weakens and their partial atrophy occurs.

Immunity suffers as zero gravity is an extremely new state for a human in terms of evolutionary development. For hundreds of thousands of years, people have not been exposed to microgravity and have occurred totally unprepared for it genetically. Thus, the immune system perceives weightlessness as a threat to the whole body and tries to take all possible protective measures simultaneously. In addition, being isolated from usual conditions, the human body is surrounded by a minimum number of bacteria, viruses and microbes, that also adversely affects the immune system.

Another interesting fact is that in zero gravity, a person becomes higher. Gravity compresses vertebrae; under test astronaut’s spinal column added a few centimeters to the length.

Unfortunately, this only lasts as long as the person is in zero gravity, the usual height returns a few days after landing.

Conclusion:

Space is a hostile environment, unfriendly to humans, and their health is never affected positively.

From the first second of zero gravity harmful processes start to occur in human body.

The study of astronauts’ health after a long stay in space showed that there were a number of changes that greatly affect their health both during the flight and afterwards. Many astronauts, after a certain period of time spent in zero gravity, cannot regain their own previous physical abilities.