Художественная литература в обучении английскому языкую. На материале произведений русской классической литературы.

Rodion Raskolnikov, a23-year-old man and a former St. Petersburg student creates an original theory, based on his paper/thesis, "On Crime". Moreover,. tThis theory is quite complicated, at least, ambiguous (амбигьюес). Some researchers have wondered: what guided Raskolnikov when he went to kill the elderly pawn-broker and money-lender, Alyona Ivanovna?Whatidea led him to do it? We must remember that Raskolnikov, according toDostoevsky, is a man, who suffers from social injustice. Therefore, Raskolnikov thinks so: there are decent people who are deprived of alleverything, who suffer and die, so they need to be rescued. In order to save such kind of people and, in order to make them happy Raskolnikov went to the length of a crime. He thinks it is right to ruin ones life in order, but to save hundreds. The other side of Raskolnikov's theory is very Napoleonic.He thinks he is like Napoleon – almighty and storng.strong. Raskolnikov asks himselfwho am II am - a trembling creature or one who has right and power? Raskolnikov tries himself. He asks himself: am I a strong man and can I allow myself to shed somebody's blood, because I decided so? These reasons guided Raskolnikov when he went to kill the pawn-broker.

And they are two sides of the same theory. And one idea inevitably (инэвитебли)creates another .
Yes, Raskolnikov wanted to save, tohelp, to make some people happier and he thought he was able to decided like God - to decide who is worth to be ​​happy , and who is not; who has right to live and who has to die. And as soon as he assumes this rightsto decide like God – hebecomes like Napoleon, not like person, who wants to help and make people happier. Because these two ideas are contradictory. He actually becomes like Napoleon, for whom people were just materialrequisites (рЕквизитс)for their own purposes.

Raskolnikov has a special type of consciousness – iIt is a rational, iruneasonable, logical and pragmatic consciousness. He builds his theory, which hehas already proven to himself. In his eyes Iit looks in his eyes completely absolutely consistent, flawless, logically accurate and balanced to the last detail. But people also have human nature and soul apart from consciousness, mind and logic. Porfiry Petrovich, the investigator who conducted Raskolnikov's the case of Raskolnikov, says once says: "yYoucalculated it (the theory) brilliantly, but you only one failed to take one thing into account - human'snature. The nature that you can no't jump over". Indeed, the human nature bothersedbothers Raskolnikov all the time. But Raskolnikov presses these jerks (джЁкс)of nature. For example, when he comes out of his room:he sees a sunny day,it's stuffy and sunny in Saint-pPetersburg in July. And Raskolnikov thinks: when I commit murder, will the sun shine the same way as now? Suddenly he asks the question: whatEeither something will change in the world, or somethingwill change in me,.mMay be the sun will shine in some other way after the murder? Then Raskolnikov will wanders arountd for a long time in St. Petersburg and eventually fells asleep somewhere on Vasilevsky Island. There he has a dream in which Raskolnikov sees himself as a child. He walks with his father on Sunday evening , and t. They pass by the restaurant and tavern near a crowd of drunken men. aAnd a small boy (Raskolnikov) is watching a very scary scene. One of the men named Mikolka offers everyone sits in the cart, which is drawn by an old horse. Mikolka says that the horse is still very bouncy, she feels fine and gallop right place and will be lucky this cart filled with people. TEven though everybody doubts,s and laugheses at Mikolka's words, theysit down in the cart. AThe miserable horse can not move. And this Mikolka starts beatings herit, and slashinges it, and tthe poor horse. The boy sees this suffering, wheezing and dying animal ... , but Mikolka same continues to beat ither brutally beat her - aAnd finally the horse finally falls .. falls. Small When the little Rodion sees horse's eyes full of horror, and fear and, he suddenly rushes to this horse. And when Raskolnikov wakes up, he says to himself : "I will never never commit murder, I can no't ... "

At this moment Raskolnikov feels release from his obsession,. hHe feels that he now heis inwardly free inside. He thinks "Iwill never commit murder! " - Why does he thinks so?He feels compassion. TUntiillthis moment the murder was considered, counted, but it was perceived very speculative, as part of the theory . And here it is killing a living creature not in theory but in real life. It means suffering, blood, terrible, screaming and suffering flesh ... Raskolnikov realizes that he can no't to kill. He has a sense of liberation and some joy and he rejects fromthe idea of ​​a crime.

But then something happens that brings Raskolnikov back to his plan. He meets a drunk girl on Konnogvardeisky Boulevard. She walks down the street, up the hill and down the dale - a very young creature, but someone has done her wrong and abused her. Some man is watching her from a distance. This man obviously hasbad intentions with her. Raskolnikov triesto save this girl and initiates scandal on the street. He calls a policeman and gives her money for a cab. He will remember this girl then for a long time.

Then there will be another meeting, even moresignificant:Raskolnikov meets Marmeladov in the tavern. Raskolnikov listens to his life story. Marmeladov is a former official. He lost his job, because he drank too much. He has a family and he needs to feed them and provide for them somehow.His family is very poor. His wife, Katerina Ivanovna, is a very unhappy woman and their children are miserable. Marmeladow has a daughter namedSonia. He says: "She sacrificed herself for the family." She became a prostituteand she has a yellow card (special card for the prostitutes in the 19^th century in Russia). Sonia became a bread winner this way and provides for the whole family. Marmeladov says: "We live from her money.” And then adds : "Scoundrel (скаундрел) people - get used to everything . And we are used to and use Sonya". These words Raskolnikov remembers also very well.

When Raskolnikov comes home, he finds a letter from his mother Pulcheria Alexandrovna. His mother writes that Dunya - Raskolnikov's sister - is going to marry Luzhin. Luzhin is a scoundrel and unworthy man. Pulcheria A. writes that Luzhin once said that he would like to marry a decent and educated girl from a good family. But poor, so she could be grateful to him for his money and that he would put her out of poverty. And of courseDunya is very desirable for him. She is smart, beautifuland educated. So Luzhin wants to marry her. Raskolnikov understands from the letter that she is ready to marry him for the sake of her family and especially because of her beloved brother. Pulcheria Alexandrovna writes that Luzhin is a wealthy man who will pull out their family from poverty. And so Raskolnikov will be able to starthis career, becauseLuzhin will help him too. Raskolnikov understands very well that Dunya scarifies herself for the sake of the family. And he must decide if he agrees and if he can accept Dunya's sacrifice. If heagrees, he will be like Marmeladov, who accepted Sonya's prostitution just because the family needed money. If he refuses from Dunya's sacrifice, thenhe should do something else, because the family is on the verge of poverty and on the brink of disaster – so something must be done. Raskolnikov decidesthat he should commit a murder.

However, there will be another meeting that Raskolnikov interpretes in a certain way. Accidently Raskolnikov witnesses a conversation between two people: tradesman and his wife and Lizaveta Ivanovna, who is a sisterof the pawn-broker Alyona Ivanovna. Lizaveta told them that she would come to them "at sevenish, at sevenish" - she repeated it several times. So at seven o'clock she won't be at home and Raskolnikov interpreted this information as a sign and an impulse to act. He picks up an ax and he leaves the house. But then some unexpected things happened.When he leaves his room and takes a few steps down the stairs, he understands that he can't go to the kitchen to pick up an ax, because there is a cook there. This is such an unexpected and unpleasantaccident for Raskolnikov. But then he sees that the lodge is open and nobody is there -so it is quite possible to take an ax - That also is quite unexpected, but it is good for Raskolnikov.So, Raskolnikov takes the ax and put it in the special link (buttonhole) inside of his coat. Then he goes to the old woman. He climbs up the stairs, rings the doorbell. But the pawnbroker was cautious and didn't open the door for a long time, because she was not waiting for anybody. But in a while she had opened it. And Raskolnikov even forgot to close the door on the hook. So he achieved his goal...After he had killed Alyona Ivanovna, he grabbed some money and some other things.

But then something terrible and unexpected happened again. Because the door wasn't locked, Alyona Ivanovna's sister, Lizaveta, enters the apartment (somehow she came back earlier than 7). So he killed her too, eventhough Lizaevta is just a miserable, suffering creature who just wanted to help Raskolnikov, with whom he felt great sympathy. But he killed Lizaveta cause he did not want to have any witness. Lisaveta was pregnant. So he killed not one, but three people: Alyona Ivanovna, Lizaveta and her baby to come.

Unexpectedly two visitors come topawn-broker's place. They stand and callat the door. One of them notice that the door was unlocked. They knew that Alyona Ivanovna would neverdo so, sothey realize that something is wrong. And they go down to get the janitor at theoffice. Raskolnikov now thinks that all will be revealed. He tries to hidein the apartment downstairs, which was open as the dyers repaired and painted there. But at that moment there was nobody in the apartment. This was his opportunity to escape. So the two visitors was another unexpected situation in his crime. He returns to his room and from that moment a terrible time begins for him. Time of Punishment.

Адрес публикации: https://www.prodlenka.org/metodicheskie-razrabotki/449877-hudozhestvennaja-literatura-v-obuchenii-angli