Tatar property names of English origin

Tatar property names of English origin

Every nation has interesting and great history of its property names, its emergence and traditions. Tatar language is the richest one of foreign origin. It is very important object to study in historic-linguistic aspect as inalienable part of nation’s language, its history and culture.

Emergence of people’s names of foreign origin in Tatar, its changes and development are connected with social, historical, cultural, economic events in the society. It is known that October revolution has played a significant role in Tatar history and language, particularly in district of Tatar property names. It can be divided several stages connecting with the changes that appeared after October revolution in Tatar names:

1. Ancient Tatar property names are traditionally given to the young generation (Алмаз, Арслан, Әнисә, Булат, Зөлфия etc.)

2. Archaic names are failed in use (Байбүре, Мәүлия, Чаныш etc.)

3. The emergence of absolutely new property names (Илүс-Илүсә, Фәндәс, Фәннура, Эльвир-Эльвираetc.)

4. The borrowing of Russian and through it names of European origin in Soviet period (Альбина, Артур, Марат, Марс, Эльза,Эльмира etc.)

In this paper I have examined in what condition English property names are begun to use in Tatar. The main reason of this borrowing is explained in the following way: foreign lexis has been appeared in order to call recently formed events that took place after October revolution. It is apparently that together with foreign vocabulary property names have been come to Tatar language. The number of property names concerning not only to English but and to the languages of West Europe have increased gradually from the World War I. The communication of Tatars with other nations can be caused to it. By 1980-1989 giving names of English origin to Tatars has reached its climax, even people began to create the names like these ones (e.g. addition Turkic-Tatar components to the property names borrowed from English and other languages: Рим + ан = Риман, Роза+ гөл =Розагөл, ил+ Марс = Илмарс, гөл + сирень = Гөлсирень etc.). Among the reason of borrowing of English names also can be shown the following: going abroad to find a job, mixed marriage, cultural communication (international conferences, festivals etc.), slogan “international friendship of people”, fashion and novelty, temporary passion etc.

Now there will be followed some explanation of property names’ grammatical features which are borrowed from English.

Gender.Tatar language has no gender of nouns. That’s why some scientists ( G.F. Sattarov, R.H. Subaeva) have explained the differentiation of men’s and women’s names is concealed in its meaning (women’s names contain meaning of beautiful, nice, smart, men’s names imply meaning of brave, strong etc.). Except this explanation there can be used morphological features in distinguish the gender of names, e.g.Роберт-Роберта, Эдуард-Эдуарда etc. (suffix –a can examine the influence of Russian, but at the same time there are Tatar own names looking like that: Рәйхан-Рәйхана, Хәлим-Хәлимә etc.).There is the opposite process of formation of property names’ gender; in this case it should be clip affixes that are the features of women’s names, e.g. Альбина-Альбин,Флера-Флер,Эльмира-Эльмир,Эльвира-Эльвира etc.

Stress. In Tatar language the place of stress is fixed, it falls on the last syllable. Spearing about the stress’s place of property names of English origin we should divide two period connecting with formation of stress. The first is preoctober period, stress falls on the last syllable: Артур, Сөлмә, Рузалия etc. the second is after October , it is characterized with the different places of stress: Сара – Сара,Нелли – Наилә,Оскар – Әскарetc.

Changes in the system of vowels and consonants. The borrowingof English names must submit to the phonetic principles of Tatar in process of using (assimilation, dissimilation, proteza etc.). We can observe the substitution of vowels in the names of English origin:а>ә,е>иАльберт – Әлбирт;э> и,ә, Эльвира – Илвира; е>ү,а>ә Флера – Флүрә. Some vowels can be omitted (reduction): Аделина,Альфред,Эрнест. Another vowels can be added (proteza): Роберт – Ыруберт,Флера – Ыфлүрәetc.

In the system of consonants we have found the following changes:в>бЭльвира – Эльбира,;д>тАльфред – Әлфрит.

Besides, according to the works of V.A. Nikonov, A.V. Superanskaya two semantic groups of English origin’s names has been distinguished. The first group consists of the names that are given in honor of celebrities, outstanding actors, singers, composers, literary characters,e.g. Алиса,Артур,Диана,Ричард,Роберт,Эдуард,Эрнест etc. The second group is the names that are created by using place’s names,flower’s names, astronomic names, e.g. Венера,Нил,Риф,Рузалия,Флера etc.

In conclusion I would like to say that Tatar language is very rich on the names of foreign origin.Also it must be mentioned that Tatar own names are formed the majority of property names, and the borrowing ones service to enrich the fund of Tatar property names.

Literature

СаттаровГ.Ф.Исемең матур, кемнәр куйган/Г.Ф.Саттаров. – Казан:Тат.кит.нәшр., 1989. – 254 б.

Саттаров Г.Ф.Татар исемнәре ни сөйли/ Г.Ф. Саттаров. – Казан: Раннур, 1998. – 487 б.

Саттаров Г.Ф.Татар антропонимикасы/ Г.Ф. Саттаров. – Казан: Каз. ун-ты нәшр, 1990. – 276 б.

Рыбакин Ф.И. Словарь английских личных имен/ Ф.И. Рыбакин. – М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1973. – 408 с.

Суперанская А.В Общая теория имени собственного/А. В. Суперанская. – М.: Наука, 1973. – 365 с.

Суперанская А.В Справочник личных имен народов РСФСР/ А.В. Суперанская. – М.: Русский язык, 1987. – 654 с.

Суперанская А.В Словарь русских личных имен/ А.В. Суперанская. – М.: Русский язык, 1998. – 403 с.

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