Nickname как особая разновидность современных антропонимов.

Hello, my name is Mariya Shtonda, I’m in the 7th D class from school № 40. The virtual life has really caught modern generation. It is “the second reality”, “the second life”, where all of us can imagine ourselves from other side, present ourselves such as we would like to be in fact. And that other life begins from our name. This name is “nickname” in virtual life. Nickname is a network name, a pen-name which must take definite place in system of names.
In such a way, Nickname gravitates towards more proper name.
Well, the theme of my research is “Nickname is as special species of modern anthroponymy”. It is very interesting to know the meaning of anthroponomastics.
I think that theme of my work is actual because all people use Nicknames to register themselves on different websites of the Internet.
The goal of the work is giving arguments that Nickname is a special type of anthroponymies.
To reach the goal we offer the next tasks:
1. Study the literature about the problem.
2. Find history of Nickname.
3. Analyze kinds of anthroponymies and choose the best for surfing the Internet.
4. Conduct questionnaire to know students’ awareness of this subject.
According to the foregoing we hypothesize: “If we go into question of Nickname to understand origins and operation, so we can establish that Nickname is one of a special species of modern anthroponymies”.
Anthroponomastics (or anthroponymy) is the study of the names of human beings.
Different linguists explain this term in various manners, but all of them are sure, that anthroponymy is a proper name.
There are three attributes of anthroponymies:
a) It shows that name’s carrier is a man: Peter, Lewis/ London, Thames;
b) It belongs to national-linguistic community: Robin, Henry, William/ René, Henri, Wilhelm;
c) It shows man’s sex John, Henry/ Mary, Elizabeth.
All of these attributes are in English names’ meanings.
Let’s study basic types of antroponymies in American culture.
First name / given name is the name which is given with birth and stays the first in man’s name, for example, John, Peter, William, Anne, Elizabeth, Mary.
Middle name is the second man’s name. It is between name and surname. Middle name is a proper name, a geographical name, common name and others.
Last name / surname / family name is a surname which is used by members of one family, for example, Smith, Higgins, Green, Appleby, Williamson, Mackenzie.
Nickname is sobriquet. It’s often short or pet form, for example, Pete from Peter, Bill or Will from William, Annie or Nancy from Anne, Betty or Liz from Elizabeth, Lou from Louise.
Nickname is also substitute of name which is given man for any reason: for send-up or for description special characteristics, for example, Big Jim, Chubby, Dusty, Monster, Shadow. Nickname also can perform the role of pen name, which is used by Internet users.
Birth name is first name. It can’t be changed.
Legal name is an official name which is used for formal purposes.
Maiden name is a maiden nave.
Married name is a name which is given in marriage.
Patronymic name is a name which is given by father or other ancestor. For example, Johnson (John's son), Macdonald (Donald’s son).
Pseudonym / assumed name is a fictional name which is used instead of a real name. Pseudonyms include pen names, stage names, bynames, alternative names. Pseudonyms are very often used by actors, writers, singers. It’s known that, for example, Mark Twain is a nickname of American writer Samuel Langhorne Clemens. Lewis Carroll is a pen name of English writer Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, who was a famous mathematician. The next interesting fact is sisters Bronte, they used mail’s surname to publish their novels: Anna Bronte - Acton Bell, Charlotte Bronte - Сurrer Bell and Emily Bronte - Ellis Bell.
There are many types of pseudonyms: cryptonym, heteronym, a literature mask, allonym, astrology name.
Cryptonym is a signature to hide a real author if the story will not be successful. Boris Akunin is a cryptonym of famous linguist and translator Gregory Chkhartishvily.
Heteronym is a name which is used to sign some works of the author. Zinaida Gippius spoke under her real name to present her poems, but critic’s articles she signed as Anton Krayniy.
Literature mask is a fictional name. Allonym is a name of real person who is or was.
According our work we have made a decision that nicknames are used to show person’s kinds.
To know using nicknames in the Internet by modern people, we have conducted a questionnaire.
People were asked such questions:
Do you know the meaning of the term «pseudonymous»?
Do you have nickname? What kind of it have you got?
How did you get your nickname?
Did you use pseudonymous in a social network?
What helps you in choosing pseudonymous?

100% of people know the meaning of the term «pseudonymous».
52% of people have nicknames in the Internet and 48% of them don’t have it.
We have cleared that 43% of people received nicknames for their qualities, 49% do not have nicknames, 8% do not know the reason.
43% of people have nicks in social networks and 57% of them do not have it.
19% of people answered that friends help them to create a nickname, 34% use own imagination, 47% of people do not use nicknames.
We also have investigated popular nicks among 22 people from 13 to 45 years old.
From these presented nicknames we have identified three groups:
1. Birth name
2. Cryptonym
3. Nickname
People use birth names to be recognizable on official websites.
Cryptonyms help to hide errors
Nickname-a prerequisite for registering in games
After studying the literature, conducting a questionnaire and research nicknames in adults and teens we dare to confirm the hypothesis put forward at the beginning of our work “If we go into question of Nickname to understand origins and operation, so we can establish that Nickname is one of a special species of modern anthroponymies”.
Nicknames help a modern person in virtual communication and in following the conditions of various sites, confirming his individuality.