The formation of interpersonal relationships of primary school students

The formation of interpersonal relationships of primary school students

Primary school age is the stage of the child`s development which corresponds to the period of education in primary school.

Interpersonal relationships and communication are interrelated, inseparable phenomena. We can say that interpersonal relationships are the essence of communication, its peculiar result.

Interpersonal relationships are the relationships between a person and the people around them. The nature of interpersonal relationships differs from the nature of social relations. Their most important specific feature is the emotional basis. This means that interpersonal relationships develop on the basis of certain people`s feelings that are born in relation to each other.

There are two large groups of such feelings: conjunctive and disjunctive.

Conjunctive feelings unite people. This attitude is based on a willingness to cooperate and joint actions. Disjunctive feelings divide people. There is no desire for cooperation and other positive relationships.

A real team does not arise immediately, but it is formed gradually and goes through a number of stages.

There are three stages of the formation of the training team.

At the first organizational stage, a group of students is not a team. The organizer of the life and activities of the study group at this stage is the teacher, who carefully studies each member of the group, his character, personality characteristics. In general, the first stage is characterized by socio-psychological adaptation, that is, active adaptation to the educational process and assimilation of the requirements, norms, and traditions of the educational institution.

The second stage is characterized by the creation of a system of interpersonal and business relations between the members of the team. In order to organize appropriate correctional work, the teacher should know what the structure of interpersonal relations in the team is and what they are based on. In this regard, special research methods are of great importance, allowing to reveal the structure of interpersonal relationships hidden from direct observation in the group, to identify the leaders and the status position of all other members of the group. The leader is the defining force of the group.

The third stage of team development is characterized by a high level of value-oriented unity, closeness of views, assessments and positions of group members in relation to the most significant objects for the group as a whole.

The successful formation of interpersonal relationships depends on the mutual awareness of the partners about each other. The development of interpersonal relationships is largely determined by some characteristics. These include gender, age, nationality, properties of temperament, health status, profession,сommunication experience with people, and some personal characteristics.

The peculiarity of interpersonal relations between the genders is already evident in childhood. Boys, in comparison with girls, are more active in contacts, participate in collective games, and interact with their coevals even in childhood. As a rule, girls communicate in a narrow circle. They establish relationships with those they like. The content of the joint activity is not very important for them.

The need for emotional warmth appears in infancy and it gradually turns into a psychological attachment of children to people who create psychological comfort for them.

Ethnic norms determine sociability, behavior, the rules of the formation of interpersonal relationships. Interpersonal relations are built taking into account the position of a person in society, gender and age status, belonging to social strata and religious groups, etc.

Some properties of temperament affect the formation of interpersonal relationships. It has been experimentally established that choleric and sanguine people easily establish contacts, while phlegmatic and melancholic people have difficulties. The consolidation of interpersonal relationships in the pairs "choleric with choleric", "sanguine with sanguine" and "choleric with sanguine" is difficult. Stable interpersonal connections are formed in the pairs "melancholic with phlegmatic", "melancholic with sanguine" and "phlegmatic with sanguine".

As a rule, the health status, external physical disabilities affect the "I-concept" negatively and make it difficult to form interpersonal relationships. Temporary illnesses affect the sociability and stability of interpersonal contacts. Diseases of the thyroid gland, various neuroses affects interpersonal relationships negatively.

Interpersonal relationships are formed in all spheres of human life. The most

sustainableinterpersonal relationships are those that appear as a result of joint work.Business contacts are not only consolidated in the course of performing functional duties.Later interpersonal relationships acquire a deep character. If a person has to communicate with people by the nature of professional activity, he has the skills and abilities to establish interpersonal contacts. For example, lawyers, journalists, and others. The experience of communicating with people contributes to the acquisition of sustainable skills and interpersonal relationships based on social norms of regulation with representatives of different groups in society. The experience of communication allows you to learn and apply various norms of communication with different people and form social control over the manifestation of your emotions.

Adequate self-assessment allows a person to assess their own characteristics objectively and correlate them with the individual psychological qualities of the communication partner, with the situation, choose the appropriate style of interpersonal relations. Overestimated self-assessment brings elements of arrogance and condescension to interpersonal relationships. If the communication partner is satisfied with this style of interpersonal relations, they will be quitesustainable.Otherwise, they become tense. Low self-assessment of the personforces to adapt to the style of interpersonal relationships that are offered by the communication partner. At the same time, it can introduce a certain mental tension in interpersonal relationships due to the internal discomfort of the individual.

The need to communicate, to establish interpersonal contacts with people is a fundamental characteristic of a person. At the same time, there are people who have a somewhat overestimated need for trusting communication (affiliation) and charity (altruism). Friendly interpersonal relationships are most often formed with one person or several individuals. As a rule, affiliation and altruism are shown to many people. Indicators of affiliate behavior are positive verbal statements, prolonged eye contact, friendly face, increased expression of verbal and nonverbal signs of consent, confidential phone calls, etc.

The described characteristic of affiliate behavior resembles the stage of friendly relations, and its indicators are the criteria of the development of positive interpersonal relationships. In the course of the research, personal qualities that hinder the development of interpersonal relationships were identified. The first group includes narcissism, arrogance,self-satisfaction and vanity. The second group includes dogmatism, a constant tendency to disagree with a partner. The third group includes duplicity and insincerity.

Thus, interpersonal relationships are an integral part of the interaction of people in society and are considered in its context. Without communication, human society is simply unthinkable. Communication acts as a way of uniting individuals, an integral element of their personal development. This determines the existence of communication as a reality of social and interpersonal relations.

Адрес публикации: https://www.prodlenka.org/metodicheskie-razrabotki/456860-the-formation-of-interpersonal-relationships-