Контрольная работа Module 2 УМК Spotlight 10

1     Sarah had an interesting weekend.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

2     Sarah saw the activity advertised at school.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

3     There were six people on Sarah’s raft.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

4     Sarah had all the right equipment with her.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

5     Sarah was the only beginner.

         A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

6     Sarah got a good tan at the weekend.

         A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

7     Sarah wasn’t frightened at all during the trip.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

1. I’d love to take _____karate. Do they have lessons at the gym?

2. Will you take this silly hat _____? You look ridiculous.

3. They say I take _____ my mum.

4. Do you think you’ll take _____ your mum’s shop when she gets old?

5. I’ll have to take _____ these trousers. The legs are too wide.

6. If you pass your exam, I’ll take you _____ for a nice meal.

A Female bobsleighing

B What you need for bobsleighing

C Safety rules

D Bobsleighing techniques

E Participating countries

F The dangers of bobsleighing

G The newest rules

H From the history of bobsleighing

Bobsleighing was originated in Switzerland. In the late 19th century, the Swiss first started doing it by attaching two skeleton sleighs together with a steering mechanism added to the front sleigh in order to control the direction. The first bobsleigh races took place in normal snow covered roads whereas the first bobsleighing club was founded in St. Moritz, Switzerland in 1897 and the first specially designed race track was developed outside of St. Moritz in 1902.

Bobsleighing is mostly played in Europe along with North America and Russia because of the proper climate for the icy track. The United States of America, Germany and Switzerland have long been the most successful bobsleighing nations based on their incredibly successful track record in all formats of competitive sports including World Cups and Olympic Championship. Presently, more than fifty countries take part in various international bobsleighing events all over the world.

Bobsleighing is considered the most expensive winter sport as the equipment used in it, including the safety equipment as well as bobsleigh parts, are quite costly. The most important equipment in bobsleighing is the sleigh. Besides this other protective guards are also used. The length of the sleigh must be a maximum of 3.80 metres (12.5 feet) for four-man sports and 2.70 metres (8.9 feet) in case of two-man sports. Bobsleigh crews are supposed to weigh heavy to ensure high speed.

In fact, two-man and four-man types of bobsleigh are very much similar. As weight plays a vital role for the speed of the sleigh, four-man sleighs are much faster than two-man types. However, even a simple mistake at the initial push-off or, say, during the steering, on decisions of the driver during the turns may largely affect the final race. The thing is, air passing through the sleigh slows the sleigh down. In order to avoid these drags, wind tunnels are usually added to the sleigh.

One may think bobsleighing is a risky sport but actually not only men are fond of it. Women do it too. In case of women bobsleighing, the sleighs for women were originally very much similar to those of men. But with time so many problems came out as women are shorter than men and many players injured their hips as well as back. These traumas prompted the organizers to change the interior sleigh designs for women bobsleighing. Now women can do it safely and successfully enough.

Bobsleighing competitions gather crowds of people who want to watch their favourite sportsmen compete with one another. However, even though bobsleighing is quite an interesting sport, the risks attached to it certainly cannot be avoided. Till now more than ninety-three players have died in crashes or accidents during the game. In order to reduce the chances of accidents and to prevent the risks, officials have made certain rules and regulations about the uses of sleighs and the structure of the track.

There are a lot of risks connected with bobsleighing. Bobsleighers need to wear high tech plastic made helmets in order to prevent head injuries as well as goggles for eyes. Racers wear tight uniforms to increase aero-dynamicity and spiked shoes to gain traction on the ice. The brakeman wears a Kevlar vest in order to avoid third degree burns during the sleigh’s friction with ice. The next bobsleigh doesn’t start until the previous team has left the track because of security reasons.

From: Friend@mail.uk

To: Russian_friend@ege.ru

Subject:pocket money

... I have to think about my pocket money all the time. My parents try to make me earn it by doing the housework. They try to make me save up and then buy something useful. But I need pocket money for the cinema and ice-cream and other treats like that. Do you have to ‘earn’ your pocket money in any way or do your parents just give it to you? What do you spend your pocket money on? What do teenagers in Russia usually spend their money on ?

Last weekend my friends and I went on a picnic to the countryside...

Write an email to Alice.

• answer her questions

• ask 3 questions about her picnic

Write 100–140 words.

1     Sarah had an interesting weekend.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

2     Sarah saw the activity advertised at school.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

3     There were six people on Sarah’s raft.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

4     Sarah had all the right equipment with her.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

5     Sarah was the only beginner.

         A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

6     Sarah got a good tan at the weekend.

         A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

7     Sarah wasn’t frightened at all during the trip.

          A  True         B  False     C  Not stated

1. Ian has taken _____ tennis.

2. Peter's very tall - he takes _____ his father.

3. You must take _____ your hats in the presence of ladies.

4. I'm taking _____ my friends to dinner to thank them for their help.

5. The company was taken _____ by Sony in 1989.

6. These pants fit much better since I had them taken _____.

A Footballers’ diets

B Ideal football shape

C Length matters

D Puree instead of pasta

E Secret born in the USSR

F Stress or relaxation

G Flying fruit

H Referee’s perspective

Good footballers must have something in their genes. Scientists have discovered a link between the length of a footballer’s ring finger and their ability as a player. They compared the ring and index fingers of top players. Players whose ring fingers were longer compared to their index fingers were more likely to be elite players. Some of the players found to have long ring fingers are Bryan Robson, Ossie Ardiles, Glenn Hoddle, Sir Stanley Matthews and Gazza.

Fitness training is absolutely necessary for a first-rate football team. Jogging up and down the stadium a few times is not enough. What footballers really need is a quick start. Footballers can get this ability to start running very quickly by using a training method called ‘plyometrics’. In the 1960s, athletes in the Soviet Union used plyometric exercises to improve their results in jumping. Step by step, the method has become very important for many sports that include sprinting and jumping.

In the past, footballers used to have a big fried breakfast — or even a roast dinner — before a football match. In the new era of professional football, the menu of modern players has been radically reformed. Arsenal manager, Arsene Wenger, is known for his scientific method of feeding his team. When he first came to the club in 1996, he at once changed the players’ dinner menus. Sugar, red meat, chips, fried foods and dairy products were out. Vegetables, fish, chicken and plenty of water were in.

French diet specialists heavily criticised the pre-match diet of the England players in Euro ‘96. Their menu of tomato soup and spaghetti was said to be more likely to produce wind than a win. Potatoes, according to French scientists, make the best meal on the day of a game. They have glucides, which give the player a lot of energy. They also include useful vitamins. According to one piece of research, a player should eat 200-300 grams of mashed potatoes, boiled for 20 minutes, exactly three hours before going to the game.

Physics can explain a football wonder — the banana kick. This happens when a ball suddenly changes its direction at the end of its flight. At a certain speed, the air flowing over a flying ball becomes ‘turbulent’. This means that the air moves irregularly over the ball. As the ball slows down, the air becomes ‘smooth’ again. This slowdown makes the ball turn dramatically, creating the wonderful ‘banana’ kicks that the spectators like so much.

These days, footballs are made in a design based on the ‘Buckminster Ball’. The American architect Richard Buckminster Fuller came up with the design when he was trying to find a way for constructing buildings using a minimum of materials. The ball is a series of geometrical figures, which can be fitted together to make a round body. The modern football is in fact a Buckminster Ball consisting of 32 pieces. When they are joined together and filled with air they make a perfect sphere. 

Research has shown that watching the World Cup is good for our health even if your team goes out on penalties. The scientists suggest that a common interest and a nationalistic pride are very important. The competition makes people less concentrated on their own problems. They are also more patient and can cope with crises much easier. Watching football can, however, also be disappointing, especially when it comes to the decisions of referees and officials. Besides, watching penalties can be very nervous.

From: Friend@mail.uk

To: Russian_friend@ege.ru

Subject:pocket money

... I have to think about my pocket money all the time. My parents try to make me earn it by doing the housework. They try to make me save up and then buy something useful. But I need pocket money for the cinema and ice-cream and other treats like that. Do you have to ‘earn’ your pocket money in any way or do your parents just give it to you? What do you spend your pocket money on? What do teenagers in Russia usually spend their money on ?

Last weekend my friends and I went on a picnic to the countryside...

Write an email to Alice.

• answer her questions

• ask 3 questions about her picnic

Write 100–140 words.