Контрольная работа по деловому английскому: Финансовый менеджмент

Контрольная работа

(деловой английский, финансы)

OUTSIDE SOURCES OF FINANCING

Financial management consists of all those activities that are concerned with obtaining money and using it effectively. Effective financial management involves careful planning. It begins with a determination of the firm's financial needs.

Money is needed to start a business. Then the income from sales could be used to finance the firm's continuing operations and to provide a profit.

But sales revenue does not generally flow evenly. Income and expenses may very from season to season or from year to year. Temporary financing may be needed when expenses are high or income is low. Then, the need to purchase a new facility or ex­pand an existing facility may require more money than is available within a firm. In these cases the firm must look for outside sourc­es of financing. Usually it is short- or long-term financing.

1. Short-term financing is money that will be used for one year or less and then repaid.

There are many short-term financing needs. Two deserve spe­cial attention. First, certain necessary business practices may af­fect a firm's cash flow and create a need for short-term financ­ing.

Cash flow is the movement of money into and out of an orga­nization. The ideal is to have sufficient money coming into the firm, in any period, to cover the firm's expenses during that period. But the ideal is not always achieved. For example, a firm that of­fers credit to its customers may find an imbalance in its cash flow. Such credit purchases are generally not paid until thirty or sixty days (or more) after the transaction. Short-term financing is then needed to pay the firm's bills until customers have paid their bills. Unanticipated expenses may also cause a cash-flow problem.

A second major need for short-term financing that is related to a firm's cash-flow problem is inventory.

Inventoryrequires considerable investment for most manu­factures, wholesalers, and retailers. Moreover, most goods are manufactured four to nine months before they are sold to the ulti­mate customer. As a result, manufacturers often need short-term financing. The borrowed money is used to buy materials and sup­plies, to pay wages and rent, and to cover inventory costs until the goods are sold. Then, the money is repaid out of sales revenue. Additionally, wholesalers and retailers may need short-term fi­nancing to build up their inventories before peak selling periods. Again, the money is repaid when the merchandise is sold.

2. Long-term financing is money that will be used for longer period than one year. Long-term financing is needed to start a new business. It is also needed for executing business expan­sions and mergers, for developing and marketing new products, and for replacing equipment that becomes obsolete or inefficient.

The amounts of long-term financing needed by large firms can be very great.

I. Translate into Russian.

Income; profit; facility; sales revenue; expense; source; term; short-term financing; long-term financing; cash; cash flow; ex­pand; provide; obtain; purchase; affect; be available; repay; bor­row; transaction; supplies; marketing; equipment; merger; retail­er; wholesaler; manufacturer; imbalance; merchandise; invento­ry; rent.

II. Find the English equivalents.

Финансовые потребности; арендная плата; стоимость; из­готовитель; оптовый торговец; розничный торговец; (торго­вая) сделка; доход от продажи; товары; слияние (предприятий); определение; товарные запасы; оборудова­ние; продажа; доход; прибыль; расход; срок; краткосрочное финансирование; долгосрочное финансирование; денежная наличность; движение наличности; обеспечивать; изменять­ся; покупать; быть в наличии; предлагать; заменять; влиять (на); конечный; устарелый; неэффективный; непредвиден­ный; тщательный.

III. Fill in the blanks.

1. Financial management begins with a determination of the firm's ... .

2. Temporary financing may be needed when ... are high and ... is low.

3. In these cases the firm must look for outside ... of financing.

4. Short-term financing is ... that will be used for one year or less and then ... .

5. Cash flow is the movement of ... into and out of an organization.

1. A firm that offers credit to its customers may find an imbalance in its ... .

2. A second major need for ... financing that is related to a firm's cash-flow problem is ... .

8. The borrowed money is used to buy ... and ..., to pay . . . and to cover . . . until the goods are sold.

IV. Translate into English.

1. Финансовый менеджмент состоит из тех видов деятель­ности (activities), которые относятся к получению денег и эффективному их использованию.

2. Краткосрочное финансирование — это деньги, которые будут использоваться в течение одного года или менее (lеss).

3. Существуют (thereare) многие потребности краткосроч­ного финансирования, но движение наличности и товар­ные запасы представляют (are) две основные проблемы.

4. Товарные запасы требуют значительного инвестирова­ния для большинства производителей, оптовых торговцев и розничных торговцев.

5. Занятые деньги возвращаются (isrepaid) из дохода от продаж.

V. Answer the questions.

1. Is money needed to start a business?

2. When may temporary financing be needed?

3. What kinds (виды)of financing do you know?

4. What is short-term financing?

5. What is cash flow?

6. What is the ideal cash flow?

7. What can cause a cash flow problem?

8. Does inventory require considerable investment for most manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers?

9. Why do manufacturers often need short-term financing?

1. For what purpose (цель) is the borrowed money often used by the manufacturers?

2. When is the borrowed money usually repaid?

3. What is long-term financing?

4. For what purpose is long-term financing needed?

14. Are the amounts of long-term financing greater than those of short-term financing?

Адрес публикации: https://www.prodlenka.org/metodicheskie-razrabotki/606497-kontrolnaja-rabota