Digital Electronics

Digital Electronics

T oday’s my article is about Digital Electronics and DigitalCircuit.In this statement I would like to explain their functions and also structures too. Moreover, I want to consider some questions like: What is a digital circuit? How digital circuits work? Why use digital circuits? How one makes a digital signal? How does one test a digital signal? And so on, a long list of queries.

All of us are familiar with the impact of digital calculators, watches, modern communication systems and computers in every day life. All persons working in various fields related to electronics must understand the performance of Digital Electronic Circuits. All sizes of computers, as we know, perform complicated task with fantastic speed and accuracy. At stores, the cash register read out digital display digital clock and watches flash the time in all city shops and restaurants. Most automobiles use microprocessors to control engine functions. Aircraft’s defense sectors, factory machines and modern diagnostic in medical science are controlled by digital circuits.

T his revolution took place with the advent of integrated circuits (IC) which is an offspring of semiconductor technology. The inexpensive fabrication of ICs has made the subject Digital Electronics easy to study. One small IC can perform the task of thousands of Transistors Diodes and Resistors. Many ICs are used to construct Digital Circuits. This is an exciting and rapidly growing field, which uses several principles for the working of computers, Communication systems, Digital machinery’s etc. The basic idea is to let the beginners understand the operation of the Digital system and many other systems based on the principles of Digital Techniques. Any device working under Digital Techniques are called Digital Systems and the Electronic Network used to make them operational are called Digital Circuits. The subject as a whole is often referred as Modern Digital Electronics.

Digital Electronics is essential to understanding the design and working of a wide range of applications, from consumer and industrial electronics to communications; from embedded systems, and computers to security and military equipment. As the devices used in these applications decrease in size and employ more complex technology, it is essential for engineers and students to fully understand both the fundamentals and also the implementation and application principles of digital electronics, devices and integrated circuits, thus enabling them to use the most appropriate and effective technique to suit their technical needs.

Electronic circuits use two kinds of signals. They are Analog Signals (continuous supply of voltages and currents) and Digital Signals (discrete voltages and current). For example, Circuits (electronic network) using Analog signals are known as Linear or Analog Circuits. Similarly, the electronic network of an electronic calculator or digital watch that uses Digital signals are called Digital Circuits. An analog device, then, is one that has a signal, which varies continuously in time with the input, whereas, a digital device operates with a digital signal that varies discontinuously. As a result, the Digital Electronics is the world of ZEROS’ (OFF/ LOW/DOWN/FALSE) and ‘ONES’ (ON/HIGH/UP/TRUE). Figure1.1 shows the behavior of Analog and Digital signal and the possibility of conversion from Analog to Digital. Figure 1.2 represents a symbol of some devices using Analog and Digital world. This example is set to explain how real life problem like movement of a pivot on a water tank that indicates the level of water can be translated to analog/digital form.

Digital system works under logic and hence they are called Logic Circuits, whose building blocks are known as Gates. These circuits employ two different representations of digital signal known as Positive Logic Systems and Negative Logic Systems as shown in Figure 1.3. The two discrete signal levels HIGH and LOW are generally represented by Binary Digits 1 and 0 respectively is referred to as bit and binary number with 8 bits is known as a byte. Since a digital signal can have only one of the two possible level 1 and 0, the Binary Number System can be used for the analysis and design of digital system, which was introduced by George Boolean in 1854 and the corresponding algebra is known as Boolean Algebra. These logic concepts have been adopted for the design of digital circuit. The numbersystem that we use in day-to-day life is called Decimal Number System. In this system, one works with 10 different Digits, (0 through 9) and is known as based-ten system. But digital electronic devices used a ‘strange’ number system called binary.

Адрес публикации: https://www.prodlenka.org/metodicheskie-razrabotki/324722-digital-electronics