Organizing group kinds of academic learning at lesson

ORGANIZING GROUP KINDS OF ACADEMIC LEARNING AT LESSON

Aulova Olga Aleksandrovna
Bocharov Dmitry Nikolaevich

Students, Faculty of Preschool, Primary and Special Education of the Pedagogical Institute

Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia

Scientific advisor:

Prokopenko Yulia Aleksandrovna

Associate professor of the department of Foreign Langluages

Belgorod State National Research University,Belgorod, Russia

Abstract: This article describes the organization of group work during the lesson, methods and methods of group activity, reflects the positive aspects and disadvantages of group interaction;
Key words: group work, junior schoolchildren, creative development.

In the work of a primary school teacher crucial importance is given to the qualitative restructuring of mental processes, as well as the formation of mental functions: attention, perception, thinking, memory. The intensive development of intelligence in primary school age was considered in his works by the famous Soviet psychologist – L. S. Vygotsky.

As part of the introduction of the standards of the modern generation, the task of the primary school teacher is to organize educational activities in such a way that in the learning process the abilities of children develop, creative skills are released and the individuality of students is able to achieve its heyday.

N. E. Surkovoy gives the following definition of group activities: this is the "organized interaction between two or more individuals as an aggregate entity with the world United with a common purpose and work together to achieve it" [8, p. 141].

The purpose of group work is to actively include each student in the learning process of educational material.

The following group work tasks are highlighted:

1.Activation of cognitive activity.

2.Development of abilities and skills of independent activity of the pupil.

3.The process of developing the competencies of successful communication.

4.Improvement of relations between students.

When a child comes to the first grade, he / she is a socially unadapted person who needs support, attention and educational motivation from adults.

Every teacher wants students to attend classes with interest, learn only "good" and at best "excellent". But, unfortunately, this does not always happen. In such a situation, we are faced with the lack of a positive incentive to teach a student of primary school.

Educational motivation acts as a process that guides and supports the efforts that are aimed at the execution of educational activities. The so-called complex system, consisting of motives, goals, responses to possible failures and attitudes of the student.

Motivation of students plays a significant role, it affects the success, strength and depth of knowledge, willingness to learn all my life. It is worth remembering that, according to modern research, human activity is only 20% dependent on the innate intelligence and 75-85% – on motivation.

One of the means of increasing motivation and the process of developing students ' thinking is group interaction.

The use of group work in primary school should be arranged so that the teacher had the opportunity to organize the interaction of students to find ways to solve certain problems.

The meaning of group work is the production of collective thinking. It involves the use of communication, understanding, activity with different mental proposals, and therefore – the protection of their own point of view, the emergence of reflection. This is what allows you to apply group work during the educational process.

Goal setting is based on understanding the task and its conditions. In other words, the purpose of group work is to find the means to solve the problem.

Understanding of the proposed ideas by the group members, overcoming difficult situations, the purpose of the method of work are provided by the process of reflection.

The creation of the group begins at the stage of initial self-determination of the student to the question posed and the form of work proposed by the teacher. Self-determination is prepared by the teacher, setting educational goals for the students .

Although the main role in group activities is assigned to students, the effort and skill of the teacher also have a great impact on its effectiveness.

1.First you need to teach students to work in a group. To do this, the teacher should allocate time in their lessons. If this condition is not met, group work is not effective.

2.The organization of group activities requires special skills from the teacher, the cost of effort.

3.Ill-considered acquisition of groups leads to the use of student results of stronger classmates.

4.The division into groups can be complex, due to individual characteristics and relationships in the student community.

5.There are always children in the class who wish to work independently. To do this, they need certain conditions. This brings certain difficulties to the teacher.

When organizing group work, use the following methods and techniques:

Brainstorming is a modern method of solving emerging problems; a large number of ideas in a short period of time; the exchange of students ' thoughts in the group ,as well as finding the most correct option for solving problems [5, p. 341].

Story-role-playing game (method) is a kind of activity of schoolchildren, in which they reflect a particular sphere of activity and interaction of adults in conditional situations for mastering the main social roles and mastering the skills of formal and informal communication [5, p. 345].

A film Studio is a method by which students are divided into creative teams of film studios. Create a Studio, determine the genre of the film, which will "remove"; the theme of the story and the title of the film. Tasks of this type, they perform at a speed and at the command of the teacher narrate about the job. In the next stage, students together create a script, assign roles and proper responsibilities, make the film production. Then the project is evaluated by the jury, as well as other teams. The teacher at this time observes and evaluates the abilities of children to the organizational and creative activities [3, p. 69].

Work in micro-groups –formation of groups, which takes into account the desires, interests, abilities of learners, or randomly.

Collection of Board proceedings – the Board, composed of representatives of each micro-team. It defines the tasks and functions of each member of the Council and of all participants.

Selling ideas (reception) or auction – such reception, when is offered a large number of unusual ideas. The idea is sold in the presence of many willing buyers. Its price is determined in the process of how students demonstrate their own idea. Students need to show their professional qualities and abilities, to highlight the idea of pedagogically effective methods and techniques, as well as to give preference in the form of buying the lot presented at the auction. For example, we buy this lot because the pedagogical reception .... it is an effective means of formation of such mental processes as thinking, etc. [6, p. 3].

Bank of ideas (reception) – a set of possible proposals to solve any problem or problem.

Thus, it is important to observe certain principles in order to ensure the success of the group work. First, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the group and the level of educational opportunities of students. Secondly, it is necessary to distribute roles among the group members, to organize communication for this type of work. Also, make tasks exclusively for joint search solutions that are feasible only in the group. Any activity should be analyzed, and this will be the result of group work.

Literature

1.Belikov V. A. Philosophy of personality formation: activity aspect: monograph / V. A. Belikov.- M.: Vlados. – 2004. - 357 p.

2.Vygotsky L. S. Thinking and speech / L. S. Vygotsky collected works. Op. In 6 T. T. 2. – Moscow: Pedagogy, 1982. – 504 p.

3.Grigorenko Yu. N. KTD, games, holidays, attractions, entertainment, individual work, competitions / Yu. N. Grigorenko. Textbook on the organization of children's leisure in the camp and school. – M.: 2004. – 267 p.

4.Kozyreva E. I. School of the teacher-researcher as a condition of development of pedagogical culture / E. I. Kozyreva // Kozyreva, E. I. Methodology and a technique of natural Sciences. - Issue.4. - Sat. science. Tr. – Omsk: Publishing house Omgpu, 1999. – 24 p.

5.Selevko G. K. Group forms of educational activity. Encyclopedia of educational technologies / G. K. Selevko. – Moscow: Public education, 2005. – 535 p.

6.Talanov S. M. Auction teaching ideas [Electronic resource] //http://nsportal.ru/detskiy-sad/upravleniedou/2012/04/04/auktsion-pedagogicheskikh-idey (reference date: 11.05.2016).

7.Federal state standard does (from 9 October 2009, Order No. 373). Changes dated 26 November 2010

8.Schurkova N. E. New technologies of educational process / N. E. Schurkova // M.: 1994. – 326 p.

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