Политическая система РФ

The politics of Russia take place in the framework of the federal semi-presidential republic of Russia. According to the Constitution of Russia, the President of Russia is head of state, and of a multi-party system with executive power exercised by the government, headed by the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the President with the parliament's approval. 

Three branches of power

Legislative power is vested in the two houses of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.

The Federation Council consists of two representatives from each region of the Russian Federation: from the executive and legislative bodies of the region.

Powers of the Federation Council:

a) approves the change of borders between regions of the Russian Federation;

b) approves the decree of the President on the introduction of martial law and a state of emergency;

c) decides on the possibility of using the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation outside its territory;

d) appoints the election of the President and dismisses him (her) from office;

e) appoints judges of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court;

e) appoints and dismisses the Prosecutor General and his (her) deputies, the Deputy Chairman of the Accounts Chamber and half of its auditors.

The State Duma consists of 450 members (deputies). A citizen of the Russian Federation who has reached the age of 21 and is eligible to participate in elections may be elected as a member of the State Duma. One person may not simultaneously be a deputy of the State Duma and a senator of the Federation Council. The term of office of the State Duma is 5 years. Deputies work in the Duma on an ongoing basis.

Powers of the State Duma:

a) agrees on the appointment of the Chairman of the Government proposed by the President;

b) decides on the question of confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation;

c) hears annual reports of the Government on the results of its activities, including on issues raised by the State Duma;

d) appoints and dismisses the Chairmen of the Central Bank, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation and half of its auditors, and the High-Commissioner for Human Rights;

e) declares an amnesty;

e) makes charges against the President of the Russian Federation for his (her) removal from office.

Executive power

The President is the head of state and is elected by popular vote every six years for a maximum of two consecutive terms. The President’s working residence is in the Moscow Kremlin. The President determines the basic domestic and foreign policy, is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, can veto legislative bills, resolves issues of citizenship of the Russian Federation, awards state decorations and grants pardons.

The Government

Government duties are split between a number of ministries, some of which, in turn, have federal services and federal agencies answerable to them. The head of government, the prime minister, is appointed by the president and confirmed by the State Duma. The government is housed in the so-called White House in Moscow. The government ensures the implementation of domestic and foreign policy, works out the federal budget, oversees the implementation of financial and monetary policy, ensures the rule of law, human rights and freedoms.

Judicial power

Justice is administered in the Russian Federation only by the courts. The judicial power is autonomous and acts independently from the legislative and executive powers. Justice is administered in the forms of constitutional, civil, commercial, administrative and criminal proceedings.

The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation is the supreme judicial body in civil, criminal and administrative cases, in cases regarding the resolution of economic disputes and other cases falling under the jurisdiction of courts.

Адрес публикации: https://www.prodlenka.org/metodicheskie-razrabotki/554163-politicheskaja-sistema-rf