Доклад The Role of Reading

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The Role of Reading

Володина С.М.

Учитель английского языка

ОСШГ № 2 г.Актобе

One of the most effective ways to learn writing

Is to read, read, read…

Reading and writing are the main skills that students must acquire in the process of mastering a foreign language at school. They are considered to be the leading language activities to be developed. Reading is of great educational importance, through reading in a foreign language students enrich the knowledge of the world around them, the countries where the target language is spoken. Reading develops students’ intelligence, it helps to develop the memory, will, imagination. Reading is not only the aim in itself, it is also a means of learning a language. When reading a text the student reviews sounds and letters, vocabulary and grammar, memorizes the spelling of words, the meaning of words and word combinations, that is he perfects his command of the target language. Writing helps students to assimilate letters and sounds of the English language, its vocabulary and grammar, and to develop habits and skills in pronunciation, speaking and reading. The practical value of writing is great because it can fix patterns of all kinds in students’ memory, thus producing a powerful effect on their mind. Since writing is a complicated skill it should be developed through the formation of different habits.

Many researchers use the term ‘interactive’ to describe the reading process, but they give different definitions- the relationship between top-down and bottom-up processing within the individual reader (Carrel, 1988 ), a process during which meaning is created by the reader (Zamel, 1992) through interaction with the text, with others in the class, in the school and so on. The focus is on the reader’s values, relationships, experiences, knowledge, culture, dreams and expectations. But how to teach students to read? From my experience I can come to the conclusion that it is very important to motivate students in reading. I’m a lucky teacher as all my students can read properly, I mean intensive reading, all of them do their best in pronunciation of words, intonation, answering the questions, etc., they try to correct the mistakes themselves. The students of the 3 grade (8-9 years old) and the 5 grade (10-11 years old) like test reading very much, they are very attentive in listening to each other’s reading and help to correct mistakes. Certainly I agree that poor readers are more concerned with the pronunciation of words rather than meanings, maybe because of the poor memory or their not being attentive or some other psychological reasons they try to pronounce the words they don’t know, they try to translate all the words and still they can’t understand the content of the text. They don’t have the habit in reading in any language. Speaking about the materials used in interactive reading, they must be interesting and comprehensible, both semantically and syntactically, Students should be encouraged to select their own reading materials for individual reading. This school year the students of the 11 grade (16-17 years old) have had the subject “Teaching Reading Strategies”, It was very useful experience for them as we read and discussed a lot of interesting texts, stories, poems, passages from the novels of well-known writers, in short, we read different texts for different purposes, and both the texts and the purposes are largely provided for us by the culture. I used a lot of pre- reading, while-reading techniques and post-reading discussions, critical thinking strategies and it was a success. But it is necessary to state that students nowadays read less because of the computers and Internet and sometimes they don’t know not only the plot of the story but the name of the author and it is a problem.

Like reading, writing is an interactive process, involving three basic components: the writer and the audience, other writers and different texts as sources of information and as models. Motivation must be high and it can be provided by experiences with music, poetry, stories, drama, etc. The writing may be subjective (letters to each other, poetry, business letters) and more objective ( compositions, reviews, charts, maps, application forms). Murray explained: “You let the students write… Writing must be experienced to be learned” (Murray,1982) There are some stages how to write in a proper way: brainstorming for topics and their discussion; gathering information; clustering, putting the words down on paper, consulting with others and revising. Writing is a very difficult process as the students say and some teachers. Some people can’t express their thoughts on the paper but one of the most effective ways to learn writing is to read.

Thus the teacher must use systematically planned work in order to improve reading and writing skills of his/her students and not to forget that only strong relationship between reading strategies used by readers, metacognitive awareness and reading proficiency can lead to success.

Reference:

Zamel, V. 1992 Writing one’s way into reading.

Murray, D. 1982 Learning by teaching. Selected articles on writing and teaching. Upper Montclair, NJ: Boynton Cook.

Carrel, P., Devine, J., Eskey, D. 1988 Interactive approaches to second language reading. New York: Cambridge University Press.

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