Orientalism

ORIEANTALISM

Orientalism (Orientalism) is a historically established science in the West that comprehensively studies history, economics, languages, religion, ethnography, art, philosophy, and architectural monuments of the East, by which the countries of Asia and partly of Africa are meant, as part of African states are Muslim. At the same time, African studies stand out in an independent direction.

Inside Oriental is divided into a number of areas: Arabic studies, Armenology, Assyriology, Vietnamese Studies, Hebraic, Egyptology, Indology, indonezievedenie, Iranian Studies, Korean Studies, malaistika, Mongolian, Osman studies, Semitic, Sinology (Chinese Studies), Tibetology, Turkology, filippinistika, Japanese studies, and others.

The East has always attracted the minds of people with its mystery, mystery, its deep knowledge of the world, man. The East is not only self-knowledge, self-improvement, it is the richest cultural traditions that attract attention to themselves to this day. The countries of the East were distinguished not only by the rich inner world, but were the richest in material terms. The luxury of the East has amazed and amazes many. The untold riches of the inhabitants of the East seemed simply inexhaustible, which attracted the attention of the colonialists, who plundered, destroyed most of these values.

To a greater extent in the study of the East, Russia was lucky because of its geographical location. Russia's connection with the East has always been closer than in other Western countries. Travelers, merchants from Russia constantly communicated with the inhabitants of the East. It was the establishment of trade and political ties that aroused the initial interest of Westerners. Acquaintance with the East began with the development of languages. Numerous dictionaries in Sanskrit, Chinese, Persian, Manchurian, Turkish and other dictionaries were created. The works of ancient and medieval authors describing the history, life and customs of the local population were studied.

In general, the scientific study of eastern countries began in the 17-18 centuries. At this time, the range of languages ​​studied expanded, texts of Eastern authors are systematized and translated, travelers' notes are published.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, in addition to Eastern philology, comparative linguistics arose. Asian societies began to appear: the Asian Society in Paris, the Royal Asian Society in London, the German Oriental Society in Leipzig and others. Special higher educational institutions for the study of oriental languages ​​were created. Capital studies on the history of the East and its culture have appeared. In Russia, in 1818, the Asian Museum was organized, which became an academic oriental center. It contained oriental manuscripts and coins. At the same time began the process of colonization of the eastern countries.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Orientalism gained a wide scope. There were historians and scholars of oriental studies, and not only in Western but also in Eastern countries. A large number of dictionaries were published, large repositories of oriental manuscripts were created. Periodically convened an international congress of orientalists.

Oriental courses were created in Russia and the All-Russian Scientific Association of Oriental Studies (VNAV) was founded. In 1930, the Asian Museum and other oriental courses were reorganized, and the Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences began to function instead.

Conducted archaeological surveys have opened the world long lost civilization, highlighted the unknown history of the life of the ancient East

And today, a lot of work is being done on collecting, studying and publishing medieval monuments of literature and art, history and science, philosophical and religious teachings. Oriental studies completely refuted the opinion of some scientists about the backwardness in the economic, political and cultural development of the countries of the East. A deep study of ancient texts confirmed, on the contrary, the high level of a number of Eastern countries in technical, scientific, political, and cultural terms. A number of modern scientists use this data in their discoveries. It is not known how much more surprising the inhabitants of the West are waiting for when discovering the ancient mysterious world of the East.

Адрес публикации: https://www.prodlenka.org/metodicheskie-razrabotki/325076-orientalism